Monday, April 9, 2012

Giving Up (studies in learned helplessness)

I am rereading Ellen J. Langer's wonderful book, Counterclockwise: Mindful Health and the P0wer of Possibility. In one chapter, she writes about studies in learned helplessness.

Researchers took dogs and put them in harnesses. The control group was simply harnessed and later released. The other two groups were harnessed and subjected to electric shocks. One of those groups could stop the shocks by stepping on a lever, the other group had no control. After the experiment, the group that had control recovered quickly, while the other group exhibited symptoms similar to chronic clinical depression.

Those same groups of dogs were put into a shuttle box apparatus where they could escape the shocks if they jumped over a small partition. For the most part, the last group of dogs who had previously "learned" that they had no control over their fate, just lay down and passively whined. They didn't even try to escape the shocks.

Another study involved rats. Rats were restrained until they gave up struggling and went limp. Those rats and a control group that had not been restrained were put in ice water. The restrained rats didn't even try to swim. The rats that had not been restrained, swam for hours.

I felt that way in October of 2003. I had learned helplessness. It was actually a spark of anger at a psychiatrist that drove me to the library to learn how to live well with chronic illness. (Truth be told, it was less of a spark and more of an explosion!)

Langer goes on to write, "Why try to help ourselves if we have a disease that's uncontrollable? There wouldn't be much point. Remember, virtually every disease medicine has conqured was at one time thought to be uncontrollable, and again, it took someone to think it indeterminate to find out how to conquer it."

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